General

Getting the most out of your project management tool

Jan 17, 2024

6 min read

Getting the most out of your project management tool

There are several project management tools on the market that all aim to help your team gain productivity. Each tool has guiding principles and philosophies for managing projects and structuring your team. These stratagems may only sometimes apply to your team, or your team may evolve and discover new priorities they want to track. In this post, we’ll cover the concepts you should consider when understanding how your team operates and how project management tooling principles can impact your teams. Once you have a tool, we’ll share how you can set it up to align with your team through an example of how we achieved results.

Understanding how your team operates

Does your team run an agile workflow? Are you a waterfall organization? Do you ascribe to Kanban methodologies? Do you take pieces of each of these processes and merge them to allow your teams to organize and operate in a meaningful way? I discuss this topic in more depth in our Engineering Leadership podcast, but these methodologies need to align with the metrics you care about.

As organizational leaders, you need to share what you’re tracking with your teams. These typically include Objectives and Key Results (OKRs) or Key Performance Insights (KPIs) curated for your team’s functional area. Your project management tool could inform some of the metrics you select. For instance, DevOps teams may care about DORA, or customer success teams may need to track the time to resolve customer-facing issues. Development teams may leverage these tools to coordinate the work on efforts to avoid duplication of effort, while others may invest in velocity metrics to inform product teams of capacity. Regardless of what metrics you’re gathering, validating that your tool can provide these metrics is essential.

Tooling Principles

I’ve used various project management software, including Jira, Linear, GitHub Projects, Pivotal Tracker, Asana, and Trello. Each tool is structured slightly differently and has different best practices and approaches. For example, Jira attempts to be the all-in-one tool for organizations giving extreme flexibility in how you set and configure projects. On the other hand, you have tools like Linear that are strongly opinionated and have clear guidance on how to use the tool. When selecting a tool, it’s essential to understand its operating principles and how they relate to your team’s operating habits.

This isn’t to say these tools cannot be adjusted to work for your use cases and needs, but some will be easier to adapt than others for specific situations. It’s important to select tools not only for their user-friendliness but also for their adaptability to your organization’s needs. In some cases, this may lead to your team utilizing multiple tools. Given any budget constraints, this may not be ideal, so as organizational leaders, it is vital to have those discussions with our peers to determine what would benefit our team the most. If a single tool cannot solve all your needs, try to limit each department to a single tool. Given their functional area and KPIs, you can likely manage this situation easily through monthly and quarterly reporting shared with your organization. If your department is using different tools, you will probably need to set up external reporting means to aggregate those sources of truth or find a way to connect these apps. Some of these tools have integrations that allow you to sync them, but I’ve found those setups to be clunky and create more overhead for simple reporting facets you need. Regardless of your decision, you must configure these tools for your organization’s success.

Setting up your tool for success

With our operation practices determined and the tool that makes sense for our team based on principles and experience found, it is time to set up the tool for your team’s success. I will share my setup based on how my team operates to demonstrate what this could look like for you.

As a consultancy, my team tends to operate in a waterfall model, as clients have us coming in for specific projects with defined scopes. However, we demonstrate progress to clients on a weekly or biweekly basis. This means we need a tool to help us plan out several months of work and milestones while allowing us to manage it weekly. Our clients aren’t typically interested in micro-details for these projects but care about the macro level of deliverables against milestones. Given these parameters, our team leverages GitHub Projects for our project management. We like it as the tickets stay close to the code, and we can use GitHub’s built-in functionality to manage most of our needs. This prevents our team from learning multiple tools and allows us to build custom workflows quickly using GitHub Actions as needed.

This is an example of a project we ran. I’ve omitted details for privacy reasons, but we ran weekly iterations on this project. We also tracked priority and sized issues to help us understand what deliverables we could demonstrate each week. This helped our team organize around how much we knew we could complete each iteration and allowed team members to pull in additional work each week, given we prioritized other issues and their size. If they needed another issue on a Friday before the iteration ended, they could pull the next issue assigned to them from the next iteration or backlog, allowing for a continuous flow of work week-over-week. If an iteration was not completed, it gave us the information we needed to understand why the work may not be complete and allowed us to plan better for the next iteration. Screenshot of GitHub Project with 5 iterations and additional metadata for priority and size

This workflow allows our team to focus on the client's needs and operate in a way they have ownership over the work as each team member commits to the work they agree to before it’s brought into an iteration. If we needed milestones, we could also assign those to tasks and track them, leveraging other GitHub built-in features. These are generally the types of things you should look for when setting up a tool for your team.

Conclusion

Project management tools are not just for project managers to dictate work to teams. When aligned with how teams operate and their goals, these tools can help your teams achieve at a higher level. Creating processes that don’t align with your team’s daily function to gather non-priority metrics through tools creates resistance and challenges leading to non-performing teams. Suppose your team is struggling because deliverables are not aligning with business goals and metrics. In that case, this is an excellent opportunity to check your processes and team operations and realign them if you discover they are out of sync.

At This Dot, no single process works for all teams and organizations. We work with our teams and clients to determine what processes align with their objectives and goals. The process described above works great for our team but may not work for your team. However, the principles outlined above can aid you in finding the process that works best for your team. If you need help finding your process, contact us to help your team find their groove.

This Dot is a consultancy dedicated to guiding companies through their modernization and digital transformation journeys. Specializing in replatforming, modernizing, and launching new initiatives, we stand out by taking true ownership of your engineering projects.

We love helping teams with projects that have missed their deadlines or helping keep your strategic digital initiatives on course. Check out our case studies and our clients that trust us with their engineering.

Dustin Goodman

Engineering Manager with a passion for web and application development. Speaker and writer on work experiences and software development. Dog dad and musician fueled by coffee.

@dustinsgoodman @dustinsgoodman

Ticket Management for a Successful Project Delivery

Introduction It is very common to assume that when a project fails to deliver on time, it is either the client's fault for changing scope during development, or the development team's technical inability to deliver the scoped milestone in time. Even if the above assumption may at times be partly correct, in this article, we will cover techniques and management tricks that are aimed at removing or minimizing the risk of failure. I am a strong believer that the way the project is managed is key to a project's success, no matter its scope-creep or difficulties. This article will focus on a specific area of project management: Ticket Management. The article will cover multiple areas of Ticket Management, from "Project Breakdown", to the definition of MVP, until exploring the very fine art of ticket writing. Disclaimer Before we jump into the main content of the article, I want to clarify that what I am about to share in the article below has helped me for years on multiple projects, but it is not a rule, and things may be adapted and work differently for different people and management styles. Break the Project Down There is no better way to start our little journey into project management technique than by discussing project breakdown. There are multiple videos, books, and posts that cover this topic and mostly all of them will refer to the definition of MVP (minimum viable product) as the starting point and first delivery milestone for a project: > A minimum viable product (MVP) is a version of a product with just enough features to be usable by early customers who can then provide feedback for future product development. > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum_viable_product As a project manager (or a tech lead taking over PM responsibility) you will be asked to work with the client to define the first milestone for a given product. This as defined above, will include the minimum amount of features to make the product "usable". On multiple occasions in my career, the client's expectation of an MVP has included more than a real MVP should. This is normal, since the client always wants to make a good first impression, and removing features may, at times, be seen negatively for the product. As I mentioned at the start, this post is going to focus on what YOU can do to make sure it is delivered successfully, and it will not focus on how to deal with difficult clients as that is outside the scope of this post. You may probably be wondering how, if we are not going to discuss MVP definition, are we going to change MVP delivery? Your MVP May Not Be the Client's MVP Well, this is actually where the magic begins. I call it magic, but as you will read in a few sentences, the method I use is pretty simple, but I can guarantee you to be very effective. The first step that we are going to take is to sit down with our team and define what you really would expect to see in a real barebone MVP. I usually find it simpler to address this by calling it *Alpha*. The idea of this exercise is to start from a very basic workable product, and then add small features to it as you and the team may seem fit as the MVP. > NOTE: Instead of starting from MVP requirements and trying to remove things, start from the basic technical implementation and build it up to the client MVP. The expectation of this exercise is a set of milestones that are smaller than the client MVP. This should not only be achieved by removing features that may not be seen as required (for example a newsletter integration), but also by proposing a basic version of agreed components (eg. Removing complex shadow from a card, or removing animation on client interaction). A reduced scope should also be associated with a quicker delivery. It is important to understand that this MVP does not have to be shared with the client, but should be visible within the team and actively used as the first and more important delivery milestone. The client (and all communication to them), will still work toward the MVP feature set and timeline. But internally, the team is working toward a faster delivery and a smaller feature set. You may be asking yourself, what are the reasons to add extra work on your shoulder and how can this help the delivery of a project? An effective breakup of MVP and Alpha will produce the following results: - It will provide early insight into project delivery: If you fail delivery of Alpha, you will quite probably fail overall MVP. - Reduce the complexity of the first iteration: As we will see later, removing unneeded complexity helps the team to focus. - Remove the stress from the team and you: Working on your deadline helps manage internal team stress and work with them. - Prioritizes what is needed: A successful Alpha delivery will deliver the client's working version very early on, and will also reduce the "consequences of failure". Failsafe for Missing Delivery Before we move forward to the next topic, I want to share a few more words about the "Alpha MVP" and its benefits. We are going to focus on missing deadlines and how the above methods, can act as a failsafe. As we all know, projects never go to plan. Many things can happen in a project that could affect its delivery. This could be a team member being sick, a delay in hardware delivery, a slow client, a change of scope, and more. Knowing that missing q deadline is more possible than actually hitting them due to unforeseen circumstances, it is just expected to create some guardrails to support our project. The first thing that comes to mind is probably adding a buffer to your project, and this is amazing if possible. But as experience shows us, extra time means extra features and scope creep from the client (Of course there are techniques to avoid this, but this blog post is focusing on what you can do without involving the client). I am not proposing anything extra for you to do to ensure you have an emergency exit in case of late delivery. All you need to know has already been shared above in the previous section! I have delivered many projects on time, but I have also failed others. What needs to be learned from the failure is that even if we "missed the full delivery" in many cases, we still went to production and the client was still happy. via GIPHY Defining an MVP that focuses on what is needed and not what is nice to have, not only speeds up development, but it will also mean that the tasks left at the end of the project are just nice to have, and issues that can easily go live after a few days and do not require immediate intervention. Just to provide more context, these are a few examples of things that have "bleed" outside of the project delivery, and the client was ok with it as we were still able to go to production. - Progress bars attached to client scrolling of the page - Renewal emails and cron for an e-commerce website - Complex page transition - Image zooming - Past event page The ones above are just simple tasks that we sometimes add to our tickets, without realizing the complexity and extra time that they may bring. Let's analyze the first point "Progress bar". This was initially expected to be developed as part of the main navbar ticket. As much as the feature seems simple, it takes time to test and develop, so we moved it out and delivered it later in the project. This allowed us to use those extra hours for actual changes to the data that happened right before the deadline. Creating an environment within your team where "saving a couple of hours" is seen as something important at every stage of the project, will eventually help you deliver faster. > Sometimes we think of a simple few hours of saving as superfluous, but it just takes a few of these changes to make a difference between delivery and failure. Write Just a Few Tickets In the previous section, we defined our MVP and Alpha milestones, and it is now time to write the tickets to achieve this delivery. My second suggestion is: Just write enough tickets to fulfil a couple of days of work and no more. As you may be aware, writing a ticket is a complicated matter and it can take quite some time- time that can be very valuable at the start of a project. Let's assume two different scenarios. The first is where the PM will focus on writing all the tickets, and the second is where we just write a few to get the team going and then analyze the key differences. Write All the Tickets This is a very common scenario. The PM has been given a project and asked to start it asap. At this stage, the PM will spend his first few days writing all the tickets that have been defined as the MVP and will share them with the rest of the team. He will probably join an onboarding meeting, but most of his time for the first few days will be in writing tickets. The backlog at the end of this exercise is going to be nice and full and the PM is going to feel ready to start. Write Just a Few Tickets Also in this case, the PM has been asked to task a new project, but instead of writing lots of tickets, the PM will just write enough for a couple of days. The Backlog looks empty with just a few tickets. Many Tickets vs Just a Few I know that you are probably thinking that I am mad to suggest writing fewer tickets, but I suggest you read below and probably even ask your team and you will be surprised about the answers. Let's compare the two above by using a few metrics: PM, Team, and Project. PM Time The first is PM. In the case of many tickets, the PM will have to spend a few hours writing tickets. Want or not, this is a lengthy operation that takes time. I usually take around 5-10 min per ticket to write them well with all the acceptance criteria and links required. So writing 20, 30 or even 50 of them can take days. In the case of a few tickets, the PM will regain valuable hours at the start of the project. This can be spent on many important tasks such as defining MVP, client communication, setting up procedures within the team, and actively spending time with the team to ensure they have a full understanding of the project and the product to be delivered. WIN: Write just a few tickets Team We are now changing perspectives and looking at this from the team side. As we have seen before, we have two possible examples. In the first one, the time will come in the morning, and have an onboarding meeting with the PM. After this meeting, they will have the ability to start a project. The backlog is nice and defined, and they have lots of tickets to work on, so they can put their heads down, and get on with the work. In the second, the PM is going to introduce the project and share a few tickets that they should accomplish within the next couple of days. The PM is going to be actively involved, and can get the team feedback on the tickets. For example, the team may prefer a Figma screenshot instead that the link or the team mentioned that would be nice to define Accessibility requirements within each ticket. Even if you would probably think that active cooperation can be achieved also from the first iteration (lots of tickets), I have learned from experience that this is not always the case. When the team has lots of tickets available, they just go on with the work and do not think of changing things as they are already set. Making fewer tickets forces the PM and the team to cooperate, they will all know what they are working toward and make adjustments very easy. WIN: Write just a few tickets Project In this last point, we are going to analyze the advantages and disadvantages that the above methodology would produce for our project. In the first method, the project is going to be fully scoped. The PM is going to be able to easily track the burndown and see the progress of the project. This can also be useful for the client as it will have clean visibility on its "MVP". In the second scenario, the PM has surely lots of extra work to do to maintain the project. She will have to be able to track projects using her milestones and not tickets, and she will have to fill the communication gap produced by the missing tickets. At this stage, you probably think that having more tickets is going to be better, but here comes the best part. Even if having fewer tickets will require the PM to work harder, it will produce a more flexible environment that can easily adapt and or change. Small changes in the way ticket are written can benefit the team's velocity, defining a small chunk of work help understand velocity and productivity, and having fewer tickets allow the client to change the scope and re-imagine his product without creating many obsolete tickets on the board. I agree that having fewer tickets and a dry backlog can be complicated to manage, but the benefits, in the long run, are massive. WIN: Fewer tickets if managed well! :) > Note: I may have been a little biased in the above comparison :P Conclusion Project Management is an art and it can be accomplished in many different ways. My management technique focuses on flexibility, but most importantly, team engagement. I think the success of every project is not held by the client's ability to stay on course with its initial idea, or by PM micro-managing the team to complete all the tasks to create the perfect burndown. I am a strong believer that the project's success is helped by the team working on it. If they are engaged, and all work together to accomplish the project, the project will have no issue. Please note that I am not saying that, if the team can complete their tickets, the project is going to be a success, but if the team is engaged in all aspects of the project, the project has a big chance of success. If a developer has a forum to help you define the technical flow of MVP, the project will be delivered faster. If a developer has the forum to express his/her idea on different breakdowns and execution of a task, the project will gain speed and momentum. Remember, you are not always able to change the client, but you can change the way you deliver the work to them!...

Jul 21, 2023

11 mins

Project Management

Utilizing API Environment Variables on Next.js Apps Deployed to AWS Amplify

Although Next.js is a Vercel product, you may choose not to deploy to Vercel due to their pricing model or concerns with vendor lock-in. Fortunately, several other platforms fully support deployment of Next.js including AWS Amplify. Whether you’re using the Next.js app directory or not, you still have API routes that get deployed as serverless functions to whatever cloud provider you choose. This is no different on AWS Amplify. However, Amplify may require an extra step for the serverless functions if you’re using environment variables. Let’s explore how AWS Amplify is deploying your API routes, and how you can properly utilize environment variables in this context. How AWS Amplify manages Next.js API Routes When you deploy Next.js apps via Amplify, it takes the standard build outputs, stores them in S3, and serves them from behind a Cloudfront distribution. However, when you start introducing server side rendering, Amplify utilizes Lambda Edge functions. These edge functions execute the functionality required to properly render the server rendered page. This same flow works for API routes in a Next.js app. They’re deployed to individual lambdas. In Next.js apps, you have two (2) types of environment variables. There are the variables prefixed with NEXT_PUBLIC_ that indicate to Next.js that the variable is available on the frontend of your application and can be exposed to the general public. At build time, Amplify injects these variables, and values that are stored in the Amplify Console UI, into your frontend application. You also have other environment variables that represent secrets that should not be exposed to users. These will not be included in your build. However, neither set of these variables will be injected into your API routes. If you need any environment variable in your API routes, you will need to explicitly inject these values into your application at build time so they can be referenced by the Next.js systems, and stored alongside your lambdas. Injecting Environment Variables into the Amplify Build By default, Amplify generates the following amplify.yml file that controls your application’s continuous delivery (CD). The following is that default file for Next.js applications: ` To inject variables into our build, we need to write them to a .env.production file before the application build runs in the build phase. We can do that using the following bash command: ` env pulls all environment variables accessible. We use the pipe operator (|) to pass the result of that command to the grep -e which searches the output for the matching pattern. In this case, that’s our environment variable which will output the line that it is on. We then use the >> operator to append to the .env.production file, or create it if it does not exist. Be careful not to use a single > operator as that will overwrite your file’s full content. Our amplify.yml should now look like this: ` It is important to note that you have to do this for all environment variables you wish to use in an API route whether they have the NEXT_PUBLIC_ prefix or not. Now, you can use process.env.VARIABLE NAME] in your API routes to access your functions without any problems. If you want to learn more about environment variables in Next.js, [check out their docs. Conclusion In short, AWS Amplify deploys your Next.js API routes as Lambda Edge functions that can’t access your console set environment variables by default. As a result, you’ll need to use the method described above to get environment variables in your function as needed. If you want to get started with Next.js on Amplify today, check out our starter.dev kit to get started, and deploy it to your AWS Amplify account. It’ll auto-connect to your git repository and auto-deploy on push, and collaborating with others won’t cost you extra per seat....

Jun 16, 2023

3 mins

NextJS

How to Make Coding Both Your Hobby and Profession with Jason Lengsdorf @ CityJS Conf 2024

Join us backstage at CityJS Conf for this conversation with Jason Lengsdorf. In this discussion, we explore strategies for reducing stress and anxiety among engineers, ensuring they maintain relevance in the dynamic world of coding. Jason emphasizes the importance of self-assurance and the role of play in fostering continual engagement with evolving technologies. Moreover, we get a sneak peek into Jason's latest venture, "Web Lunch," a platform where he converses with developers who have found harmony between their careers and personal satisfaction. Coding isn't just a job; it's a passion and a lifestyle. Jason highlights the significance of pursuing work that excites and challenges us, echoing the sentiment that coding can be both a career and a hobby. By infusing enjoyment and creativity into our coding endeavors, we can shape our professional trajectories in alignment with our values and interests. This approach not only minimizes regret but also maximizes happiness and fulfillment in our careers. Central to our discussion is the pivotal role of effective leadership in creating a supportive and encouraging work environment. Leaders who prioritize the well-being and happiness of their team members foster a culture of collaboration and empowerment. Through mentorship, guidance, and opportunities for growth, these leaders enable developers to align their personal goals with organizational objectives, leading to increased job satisfaction and professional fulfillment. Adaptability is key to sustained success in software engineering. Jason emphasizes the value of remaining open-minded and continuously learning, even when it means stepping out of our comfort zones. Embracing discomfort is an integral part of personal growth, allowing us to overcome obstacles and unlock our full potential. By nurturing a spirit of curiosity and adaptability, developers can navigate the complexities of their careers with resilience and enthusiasm....

Apr 25, 2024

2 mins

JavaScriptMentorship

Getting the most out of your project management tool

Getting the most out of your project management tool

Understanding how your team operates

Tooling Principles

Setting up your tool for success

Conclusion

Dustin Goodman

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Ticket Management for a Successful Project Delivery

Utilizing API Environment Variables on Next.js Apps Deployed to AWS Amplify

How to Make Coding Both Your Hobby and Profession with Jason Lengsdorf @ CityJS Conf 2024